Abstract Amyloidosis results from deposition of insoluble fibrillar protein compounds in various organs, including the heart. Cardiac involvement occurs in both atria and ventricles, leading to restrictive cardiomyopathy, heart failure (HF), and arrhythmias. Five amyloid proteins affect cardiac tissue: light and heavy chain forms of immunoglobulin, transthyretin (TTR), apolipoprotein 1, and amyloid A. Approximately 95% of cardiac involvement stems from light chain of immunoglobulin and TTR deposition in heart. Chamber stiffness and rhythm disturbances occur in cardiac amyloidosis (CA), encompassing […]

Abstract Chagas disease (CD) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a hemoflagellate protozoa. CD is diagnosed by epidemiologic history and two positive serological tests. The infection has two main clinical phases: acute, early after acquiring the infection, and chronic. The electrocardiogram (ECG) is the first tool to diagnose chronic Chagas heart disease after CD serological diagnosis. In addition, the different cardiac imaging modalities, including chest X-ray, echocardiography, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT), […]

Abstract Transthyretin amyloidosis (TTRA) is a systemic infiltrative disease where cardiac involvement is paramount for prognosis. The strain technique plays a crucial role in non-invasive cardiac screening for this condition. Research on the prognostic utility of cardiac deformation in TTRA indicates the significance of right ventricular (RV) free wall strain, global longitudinal strain (GLS), left and right atrium reservoir strain, in descending order of publication, respectively. The GLS has emerged as a promising tool for therapeutic monitoring. Analyzing myocardial deformation […]

Abstract Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a progressive condition marked by the accumulation of amyloid fibrils in cardiac tissue, resulting in cardiac dysfunction and, ultimately, heart failure. Pyrophosphate scintigraphy has emerged as a promising tool for the early detection and monitoring of CA, providing valuable insights into the disease’s extent and severity. This review examines the current use of pyrophosphate scintigraphy in distinguishing between different types of amyloidosis, assessing risk levels, and monitoring patients with CA. It underscores the clinical significance […]

Abstract Background Integrated extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the treatment of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is described as extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR). It is used to ensure recovery of cardiac output when it is not possible to obtain sustained return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) through conventional CPR methods. The comparison between ECPR and conventional CPR is a dilemma that has been frequently discussed. Objective To identify in the literature the use of ECMO in adult patients during cardiac arrest (CA) in […]

Abstract In the realm of modern cardiology, the integration of computer-interpreted electrocardiograms (CI-ECGs) has marked the beginning of a new era of diagnostic precision and efficiency. Contemporary electrocardiogram (ECG) integration systems, applying algorithms and artificial intelligence, have modernized the interpretation of heart rhythms and cardiac morphology. Due to their ability to rapidly analyze and interpret ECG recordings CI-ECGs have already profoundly impacted clinical practice. This review explores the evolution of computer interpreted ECG technology, evaluates the pros and cons of […]

Abstract This article provides a critical review of the diagnostic value of several echocardiographic findings in cardiac amyloidosis (CA). The importance of early and accurate detection of CA is emphasized, considering its challenging diagnosis and the need for a high index of suspicion by clinicians. Echocardiography is often the first choice for imaging assessment of cardiac structure and function when CA is suspected. The article encompasses several conventional echocardiographic features and speckle-tracking echocardiography-derived deformation parameters. Some of these indexes are […]

Abstract Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) can lead to progressive heart failure (HF) by depositing insoluble amyloid fibrils within the myocardial extracellular space, resulting in an infiltrative and restrictive cardiomyopathy. Although CA was previously perceived as rare and incurable, recent advances in diagnostics and emerging therapies have been changing this outlook. It is crucial to spread awareness about CA to facilitate earlier diagnosis and proper therapeutic interventions, enhancing patient prognosis and survival. Currently, there is an estimated delay of 2 years from […]

Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death in women. This review will address the known disparities in cardiovascular care concerning diagnosing and treating of heart disease in Latin American (LA) women. Gender-specific differences regarding the incidence, treatment, and outcomes of common cardiovascular pathology are increasingly recognized. Today, we identify that women have cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs), specifying the traditional, emerging, unique, or sex-specific determinants and the social and biological determinants that play a leading role in the […]

Abstract Hemostasis is a complex set of biological processes responsible for blood fluidity within normal vessels and for the physiological interruption of bleeding in cases of vascular injury. Bothrops moojeni snake venom is rich in bioactive compounds of pharmacological and clinical interest since its protein components are capable of interfering with many points of the hemostatic process. Here, we present the B. moojeni venom proteins that affect hemostasis and discuss their pharmacological and clinical potential. This systematic review was conducted […]