International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences. 01/Sep/2017;30(5):401-7.

Hypertensive Adolescents: Correlation with Body Mass Index and Lipid and Glucose Profiles

Liz Andréa Villela Baroncini, Lucimary de Castro Sylvestre, Camila Varotto Baroncini, Marcieli da Luz Giroldo, Dalton Bertolim Précoma, Roberto Pecoits Filho

DOI: 10.5935/2359-4802.20170067

Abstract

Background:

The occurrence of hypertension during adolescence correlates with metabolic changes, obesity, and overweight.

Objective:

To correlate the lipid and glucose profiles of hypertensive and nonhypertensive adolescents with age, gender, body mass index (BMI), weight, and height.

Methods:

We selected 53 hypertensive adolescents and 182 healthy, nonhypertensive adolescents. The adolescents were divided into three groups: group I (GI; n = 108, 58 males, mean age 15.2 ± 2.2 years), consisted of healthy, nonhypertensive adolescents of healthy parents without a diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes; group II (GII, n = 53, 28 males, mean age 13.9 ± 1.4 years), consisted of adolescents with confirmed hypertension; and group III (GIII; n = 74, 31 males, mean age 14.9 ± 2.2 years), consisted of healthy, nonhypertensive adolescents of parents with a diagnosis of hypertension, dyslipidemia, or diabetes.

Results:

Gender and weight did not differ significantly among the groups. The subjects in GII were overall younger (around 1 year), shorter, and had a higher BMI compared with those in GI and GIII. After adjustment for age and BMI, GII presented higher glucose and LDL-C levels and lower HDL-C levels compared with GI and GIII. Total cholesterol and triglycerides levels showed no differences between groups. GI and GIII had no significant differences with regard to the analyzed variables.

Conclusion:

Hypertensive adolescents showed higher values of BMI, and serum glucose and LDL-C levels, and lower serum HDL-C levels. These findings reveal that the changes in lipid profile and glucose metabolism that occur during adolescence may be influenced by the occurrence of hypertension during this developmental phase.