Introduction Rheumatic fever (RF) is a prevalent condition in developing countries, accounting for a cardiac mortality of rate 7.9% in Brazil (DATASUS). Cases of rheumatic fever are often underdiagnosed and recognized only after permanent valve damage due to previous carditis. Secondary prevention of RF aims to limit the development and/or progression of valvular lesions and their complications. However, even on therapy with benzathine penicillin every 21 days, patients may experience recurrence of acute RF, making diagnosis a greater challenge. The […]